Facilitator: Brian Crawford, University of Rhode Island: brian@crc.uri.edu.

The Workshop will include:

1. Creating protocols that are independent of national legal frameworks but applicable in all coral reef regions
2. Adapting terrestrial investigative techniques for the marine environment
3. Pushing the envelope - going beyond the classic deterrence model in coral reef enforcement

Case Studies (download the case studies, PDF File, 25 Kb)):

1. CSI for Coral Reefs: The ICRI Committee for Coral Reef Enforcement & Investigation (D. Gulko, HIDLNR, USA).
2. Adapting Wildlife Forensic Techniques for Coral Reefs (K. Goddard, USFWS, USA).
3. Building Investigative Protocols for Coral Reefs That Can Be Used with Enforcement Strategies That "Go Beyond the Classic Deterrence Model" (B. Crawford, USA).

Key Discussion Questions:

1. What are the main challenges that are unique to enforcement and investigation concerning coral reef conservation laws compared to terrestrial systems?
2. What are some of the challenges to creating standards that can apply across a broad range of national laws, institutional and social contexts?
3. To what extent can formal and classic enforcement and investigative techniques and systems be blended with more traditional institutions and softer informal and social approaches, particularly when considering the different contexts in developed versus developing countries?

Workshop 2: Creating Enforceable Regulations

Facilitator: Mick Bishop, GBRMPA: mick.bishop@gbrmpa.gov.au

The Workshop will include:

1. Identifying Characteristics of Enforceable Regulations
2. Examination of the Broad Scale Institutional and Judicial Deterrents to Support Enforcement of Regulations
3. Maximizing the Environmental Benefit from Limited Compliance Resources

Case Studies: (download the case studies, PDF File, 25 Kb))

1. Creating Enforceable Regulations, Tabitha MPA (A Songco, Phillipines).
2. Three Cases of Coral Reef Destruction and Investigation in the Philippines (R Acosta et al, Phillipines).
3. The Strategic Approach to Compliance in the Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (M Bishop, GBMPA, Australia).

Key Discussion Questions:

1. Development and implementation of enforceable regulations needs commitment from policy makers, legislators, the judiciary, marine resource users and other stakeholders. How can this best be achieved?
2. Given that funding and resources will always be limited, how can compliance programs achieve the maximum environmental gain?
3. What are the basic lessons from different regions that can most usefully be passed on and adopted, or adapted, to help compliance programs in other parts of the world?

Workshop 3: Role of Community, Volunteers & Educational Institutions

Facilitator: Patricia Ramirez Romero (Mexico)

The Workshop will include:

1. Enforcing Agencies communication and relations with Community, NGOs & Educational/Research Institutions
2. Research needs of enforcing agencies and the role of NGOs and E/R institutions
3. Enforcement Community Participation Systems/Programs

Case Studies: (download the case studies, PDF File, 25 Kb))

1. Social Participation in Marine Resources Law Enforcement in Mexico (F. MacDonald & P. Moreno, Mexico).
2. Enforcing regulations on no-take areas within Loreto Bay National Park and San Pedro Martir Island Biosphere Reserve: an integrated governmental and non governmental collaboration effort (R. Lopez et al, CONANP, Mexico).
3. A Study on Community Based Law Enforcement in Tayabas Bay (A. Perez, Phillipines).

Key Discussion Questions:

1. Communication and relation of Enforcement Agencies with Communities, NGOs and Education/Research institutions, whose responsibility is it?
2. Is there enough interest and expertise in Institutions/organizations to help answer Enforcement Agencies' knowledge gaps/needs?
3. How do you promote effective Community Participation in Enforcement?

Workshop 4: Working with Multiple National Programs

Facilitator: Dave Gulko, State of Hawaii: david.a.gulko@hawaii.gov

The Workshop will include:

1. Assessing ecological function & socio-economic impacts
2. Incorporating Ecological Risk Assessments (ERAs) in regional and multi-national investigations
3. Factors involved in multi-national training for coral reef enforcement & investigation

Case Studies: (download the case studies, PDF File, 25 Kb))

1. Hawai'i: Development of a Multi-Agency Rapid Response Investigative Team (D. Gulko, HIDLNR, USA).
2. Education of Legal Statutes as a Management Tool (B. Lumsden and S. Cory)
3. The Role of Ecological Risk Assessments in Coral Reef Investigations (Craig Downs, Haereticus Environmental Laboratory).

Key Discussion Questions:

1. How do you encourage cooperation amongst disparate national programs?
2. What are the investigative parameters and questions that cross regional and multi-national boundaries relative to coral reef incidents?
3. For coral reef resource management, can we develop the equivalent of community standards for conducting investigations?